The determination of the viscosity index is based on two oil types with the same starting viscosity and strongly diverging changes in viscosity as temperature rises. The oil showing a strong temperature dependence is assigned the viscosity index 0, whereas the oil with a lower change in viscosity is assigned the viscosity index 100. The viscosity index according to DIN ISO 2909:2004‑08 is calculated by comparing the change in viscosity of an oil with the two oils as a reference.
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